I-Mg-Doped LiNbO₃Ingots 45°Z-Cut 64°Y-Cut Orientations For 5G/6G Communication Systems

Incazelo emfushane:

I-LiNbO3 Ingot (i-Lithium Niobate Crystal Ingot) iyitshe legumbi kubuchwepheshe be-optoelectronics obuthuthukisiwe nobuchwepheshe be-quantum, edume ngama-coefficients ayo e-electro-optic ahlukile (γ₃₃= 30.9 pm/V), ububanzi obala obala (400–5,200 nC), izinga lokushisa eliphakeme nge-Curiem C. Ngokungafani nezinto ezijwayelekile ezisekelwe ku-silicon, ama-ingots e-LiNbO3 anika amandla ukucubungula isignali yemvamisa ephezulu kanye nokwakhiwa kwe-waveguide yokuvula indawo enkulu, okuwenza abe semqoka ekuxhumaneni kwe-5G/6G, ama-quantum photonics, nokuzwa kwezimboni. Intuthuko yakamuva ekuhlanganiseni okuhlukile (isb., amawafa ayinhlanganisela asuselwa ku-Si) kanye nokunciphisa ukukhubazeka (isb, i-Mg doping) kuqhubeke kwanweba ukusebenza kwayo ezindaweni ezidlulele, njengezinzwa ezisezingeni eliphezulu (>400°C) kanye nezinhlelo ze-aerospace eziqiniswe ngemisebe.

Thumela i-imeyili kithi

Izici

Imingcele yezobuchwepheshe

Isakhiwo sekristalu	I-Hexagonal
I-lattice engaguquki	a = 5.154 Å c = 13.783 Å
Mp	1650 oC
Ukuminyana	7.45 g / cm3
Izinga lokushisa le-Curie	610 oc
Ukuqina	5.5 - 6 Mohs
I-coefficient yokwandisa ukushisa	aa = 1.61 x 10 -6 / k ac = 4.1 x 10 -6 / k
Ukungazweli	1015 Wm
Ukuvunyelwa	es11 / e0: 39 ~ 43 es33 / e0: 42 ~ 43 et11 / e0: 51 ~ 54 et11 / e0: 43 ~ 46
Umbala	Ezingenambala
Ngobubanzi be	0.4 ~ 5.0 um
Inkomba ye-refraction	cha = 2.176 ne = 2.180 @ 633 nm

Izimpawu Zezobuchwepheshe Ezibalulekile

I-LiNbO3 Ingot ibonisa uchungechunge lwezakhiwo eziphakeme:

1. Ukusebenza kwe-Electro-Optic:

I-High Nonlinear Coefficient: d₃₃= 34.4 pm/V, inika amandla isizukulwane sesibili se-harmonic (SHG) kanye ne-optical parametric oscillation (OPO) yemithombo ye-infrared eguqulekayo.

Ukudluliswa kwe-Broadband: Ukumuncwa okuncane ku-spectrum ebonakalayo (α <0.1 dB/cm ku-1550 nm), kubalulekile kuma-C-band optical amplifiers kanye nokuguqulwa kwe-quantum frequency.

2. Ukuqina Komshini Nokushisa:

Ukunwetshwa Okushisayo Okuphansi: CTE = 14.4×10⁻⁶/K (i-a-eksisi), okuqinisekisa ukuhambisana nama-silicon substrates kumasekhethi ezithombe ezihlanganisiwe .

Impendulo Ephezulu Ye-Piezoelectric: g₃₃> 20 mV/m, ilungele izihlungi ze-surface acoustic wave (SAW) ezinhlelweni ze-5G mmWave.

3. Ukulawula Ukukhubazeka:

Ukuminyana Kwe-Micropipe: <0.1 cm⁻²(ama-ingots angu-8-intshi), kuqinisekiswe nge-synchrotron X-ray diffraction .

Ukumelana Nokushisa: Ukuhlanekezelwa kwe-lattice okuncane ngaphansi kwezinkundla zikagesi ezingu-100 kV/cm, okuqinisekisiwe ekuhlolweni kwebanga le-aerospace.

Izinhlelo zokusebenza zamasu

I-LiNbO3 Ingot ishayela emisha kuzo zonke izizinda ezisezingeni eliphezulu:

1. I-Quantum Photonics:

Imithombo Ye-Photon Eyodwa: Ukusebenzisa ukuguqulwa okungeyona umugqa phansi, i-LiNbO3 inika amandla ukukhiqizwa okubhangqiwe kwe-photon kumasistimu wokusabalalisa ukhiye we-quantum (QKD).

I-Quantum Memory: Ukuhlanganiswa nama-Er³⁺-doped fibers kufeza ukusebenza kahle kwesitoreji esingu-30% ku-1530 nm, okubalulekile kumanethiwekhi e-quantum amabanga amade.

2. Amasistimu we-Optoelectronic:

Iziguquli Zesivinini Esiphezulu: I-X-cut LiNbO3 ifinyelela umkhawulokudonsa ongu-40 GHz ngokulahleka kokufaka okungu-<1 dB, idlula i-LiTaO3 kuma-transceivers okubona angu-400G.

I-Laser Frequency Doubling: I-Mg-doped LiNbO3 (umkhawulo ongu-6%) inciphisa ukulimala kwe-photorefractive, inika amandla ukuguqulwa okungu-1064 nm → 532 nm okuzinzile ezinhlelweni ze-LiDAR.

3. Inzwa Yezimboni:

Izinzwa Zengcindezi Yokushisa Okuphezulu: Zisebenza ngokuqhubekayo ku-600°C, zisebenzisa i-piezoelectric resonance yokuqapha amapayipi kawoyela/igesi.

Ama-Transformer Amanje: I-Fe/Mg co-doping ithuthukisa ukuzwela (0.1% FS) ezinhlelweni zokusebenza zegridi ehlakaniphile .

Izinsizakalo ze-XKH nezisombululo

Izinsizakalo zethu ze-LiNbO3 Ingot zenzelwe ukuqina nokunemba:

1. Ukwenziwa Ngokwezifiso:

Izinketho zikasayizi: 3–8-intshi ingots ene-X/Y/Z-cut kanye namajiyometri angu-42°Y-cut, ±0.01° ukubekezelela kwe-angular.

Ukulawula I-Doping: I-Fe/Mg co-doping ngendlela ye-Czochralski(ububanzi bokugxila 10¹⁶–10¹⁹ cm⁻³) ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukumelana ne-photorefractive.

2. Ukucubungula Okuthuthukile:

Ukuhlanganisa Okuhlukahlukene: Amawafa ayinhlanganisela ye-Si-LN (300–600 nm ukujiya) ane-thermal conductivity efika ku-8.78 W/m·K yezihlungi ze-SAW zefrikhwensi ephezulu .

I-Waveguide Fabrication: I-Proton exchange (PE) kanye namasu okushintshanisa i-proton ehlehlayo (RPE) akhiqiza ama-submicron waveguides (Δn >0.7) kumamojula angu-40 GHz electro-optic.

3. Ukuqinisekisa Ikhwalithi:

Ukuhlolwa kokuphela ukuya ekupheleni: I-Raman spectroscopy (ukuqinisekiswa kwe-polytype), i-XRD (crystallinity), kanye ne-AFM (i-morphology yendawo) iqinisekisa ukuthobelana ne-MIL-PRF-4520J kanye ne-JEDEC-033.

I-Global Logistics: Ukuthunyelwa okulawulwa izinga lokushisa (±0.5°C) kanye nokulethwa kwezimo eziphuthumayo kwamahora angu-48 kulo lonke elase-Asia-Pacific, eYurophu, naseNyakatho Melika.

Izinzuzo Zokuncintisana

1. Ukusebenza Kahle Kwezindleko: Ama-ingots angu-8-intshi anciphisa udoti wempahla ngo-30% uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izindlela ezingu-4-intshi, ehlisa izindleko zeyunithi ngayinye ngo-18%.

2. Amamethrikhi okusebenza:

Umkhawulokudonsa wesihlungi se-SAW: >1.28 GHz (vs. 0.8 GHz ye-LiTaO3), ebalulekile kumabhendi angu-5G mmWave .

I-Thermal Cycling: Isinda emijikelezweni engu-200–500°C enekhasi le-warpage elingu-<0.05%, eligunyazwe ekuhlolweni kwe-LiDAR yezimoto.

1. Ukusimama: Izindlela zokucubungula ezigaywa kabusha zehlisa ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi ngo-40% kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla ngama-25%.

Isiphetho

I-LiNbO3 Ingot isalokhu iyimpahla ekhethwayo ye-optoelectronics yesizukulwane esilandelayo, ehlanganisa ukusebenza okungenakuqhathaniswa kwe-electro-optic nokuthembeka kwebanga lezimboni. Ukusuka ku-quantum computing kuye kwezokuxhumana kwe-6G, ukusebenzisana kwayo ngezindlela eziningi kanye nokukaleka kuyibeka njengesinikezeli esibalulekile sobuchwepheshe besikhathi esizayo. Uzakwethu ukuze uthuthukise i-doping esezingeni eliphezulu, ukunciphisa ukukhubazeka, kanye nezixazululo zokuhlanganisa ezihambisana nezidingo zakho zohlelo lokusebenza.