Ngokuthuthuka okusheshayo kobuchwepheshe be-augmented reality (AR), izibuko ezihlakaniphile, njengesithwali esibalulekile sobuchwepheshe be-AR, ziyashintsha kancane kancane kusukela emqondweni ziye eqinisweni. Kodwa-ke, ukwamukelwa kabanzi kwezibuko ezihlakaniphile kusabhekene nezinselele eziningi zobuchwepheshe, ikakhulukazi maqondana nobuchwepheshe bokubonisa, isisindo, ukushabalalisa ukushisa, kanye nokusebenza kokukhanya. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, i-silicon carbide (SiC), njengento evelayo, isetshenziswe kabanzi kumadivayisi ahlukahlukene we-semiconductor kanye namamojula. Manje isingena ensimini yezibuko ze-AR njengento ebalulekile. Inkomba ephezulu yokukhanya ye-silicon carbide, izakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zokushabalalisa ukushisa, kanye nobunzima obuphezulu, phakathi kwezinye izici, kubonisa amandla amakhulu okusetshenziswa kubuchwepheshe bokubonisa, ukwakheka okulula, kanye nokushabalalisa ukushisa kwezibuko ze-AR. SingakunikezaI-SiC wafer, edlala indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni lezi zindawo. Ngezansi, sizohlola ukuthi i-silicon carbide ingaletha kanjani izinguquko ezinkulu ezingilazini ezihlakaniphile kusukela ezicini zezakhiwo zayo, impumelelo kwezobuchwepheshe, ukusetshenziswa kwemakethe, kanye namathemba esikhathi esizayo.
Izakhiwo kanye nezinzuzo ze-Silicon Carbide
I-silicon carbide iyinto ebanzi ye-semiconductor enezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu njengokuqina okuphezulu, ukuhanjiswa kokushisa okuphezulu, kanye ne-refractive index ephezulu. Lezi zici ziyinika amandla amakhulu okusetshenziswa kumadivayisi kagesi, amadivayisi okukhanya, kanye nokuphathwa kokushisa. Ngokukhethekile emkhakheni wezibuko ezihlakaniphile, izinzuzo ze-silicon carbide zibonakala kakhulu kulezi zici ezilandelayo:
Inkomba Ephakeme Yokugqamisa: I-silicon carbide inenkomba yokugqamisa engaphezu kuka-2.6, ephakeme kakhulu kunezinto zendabuko ezifana ne-resin (1.51-1.74) kanye nengilazi (1.5-1.9). Inkomba yokugqamisa ephezulu isho ukuthi i-silicon carbide ingavimbela ukusabalala kokukhanya ngempumelelo, inciphise ukulahleka kwamandla okukhanya, ngaleyo ndlela ithuthukise ukukhanya kwesibonisi kanye nensimu yokubuka (FOV). Isibonelo, izibuko ze-Meta ze-Orion AR zisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-silicon carbide waveguide, zifinyelela insimu yokubuka engama-degree angu-70, zidlula kakhulu insimu yokubuka engama-degree angu-40 yezinto zengilazi zendabuko.
Ukushabalalisa Ukushisa Okuhle Kakhulu: I-Silicon carbide inokushisa okukhulu izikhathi ezingamakhulu kunengilazi evamile, okuvumela ukushabalalisa ukushisa okusheshayo. Ukushabalalisa ukushisa kuyinkinga ebalulekile yezibuko ze-AR, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuboniswa kokukhanya okuphezulu nokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside. Amalensi e-Silicon carbide angadlulisa ngokushesha ukushisa okukhiqizwa yizingxenye ze-optical, okuthuthukisa ukuzinza nokuphila kwedivayisi. Singahlinzeka nge-SiC wafer eqinisekisa ukuphathwa kokushisa okuphumelelayo kulezo zinhlelo zokusebenza.
Ukuqina Okuphezulu Nokumelana Nokugqokwa: I-Silicon carbide ingenye yezinto ezilukhuni kakhulu ezaziwayo, eyesibili emva kwedayimane. Lokhu kwenza amalensi e-silicon carbide angagugi kalula, afanele ukusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke. Ngokuphambene nalokho, izinto zeglasi ne-resin zivame ukuklwebheka, okuthinta ulwazi lomsebenzisi.
Umphumela Wokulwa Nothingo Lwemvula: Izinto zeglasi zendabuko ezingilazini ze-AR zivame ukukhiqiza umphumela wothingo lwemvula, lapho ukukhanya okuzungezile kubonakalisa khona ebusweni be-waveguide, kudala amaphethini okukhanya kombala aguquguqukayo. I-silicon carbide ingaqeda ngempumelelo le nkinga ngokwenza ngcono isakhiwo se-grate, ngaleyo ndlela ithuthukise ikhwalithi yokubonisa futhi isuse umphumela wothingo lwemvula obangelwa ukubonakaliswa kokukhanya okuzungezile ebusweni be-waveguide.
Ukuthuthukiswa Kobuchwepheshe be-Silicon Carbide ku-AR Glasses
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ukuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe be-silicon carbide ezingilazini ze-AR kugxile kakhulu ekuthuthukisweni kwamalensi e-diffraction waveguide. I-diffraction waveguide ubuchwepheshe bokubonisa obuhlanganisa isenzakalo se-diffraction sokukhanya nezakhiwo ze-waveguide ukuze kusakazwe izithombe ezikhiqizwe yizingxenye ze-optical nge-grating ku-lens. Lokhu kunciphisa ukujiya kwelensi, okwenza izibuko ze-AR zibukeke ziseduze nezibuko zamehlo ezivamile.
Ngo-Okthoba 2024, i-Meta (eyayikade iyi-Facebook) yethula ukusetshenziswa kwama-waveguides aqoshiwe nge-silicon carbide ahlanganiswe nama-microLED ezingilazini zayo ze-Orion AR, ixazulula izinkinga ezibalulekile emikhakheni efana nensimu yokubuka, isisindo, kanye nezinto zobuciko ze-optical. Usosayensi we-optical we-Meta uPascual Rivera uthe ubuchwepheshe be-waveguides ye-silicon carbide buguqule ngokuphelele ikhwalithi yokubonisa yezibuko ze-AR, bushintsha ulwazi kusukela "ezindaweni zokukhanya okufana ne-disco-ball-rainbow" kuya "ekuhlangenwe nakho okuthule okufana nehholo lekhonsathi."
NgoDisemba 2024, i-XINKEHUI yathuthukisa ngempumelelo i-substrate yokuqala ye-silicon carbide single crystal engamasentimitha angu-12 emhlabeni, ephawula intuthuko enkulu emkhakheni we-substrate ezinkulu. Lobu buchwepheshe buzosheshisa ukusetshenziswa kwe-silicon carbide ezimweni ezintsha zokusetshenziswa njengezibuko ze-AR kanye nama-heat sink. Isibonelo, i-silicon carbide wafer engamasentimitha angu-12 ingakhiqiza ama-lens angu-8-9 ezibuko ze-AR, okuthuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza. Singahlinzeka nge-SiC wafer ukusekela izinhlelo ezinjalo embonini yezibuko ze-AR.
Muva nje, umhlinzeki we-silicon carbide substrate u-XINKEHUI ubambisene nenkampani yamadivayisi e-micro-nano optoelectronic i-MOD MICRO-NANO ukusungula i-joint venture egxile ekuthuthukisweni nasekuthuthukisweni kwemakethe kobuchwepheshe be-AR diffraction waveguide lens. I-XINKEHUI, ngobuchwepheshe bayo kwezobuchwepheshe kwe-silicon carbide substrates, izohlinzeka nge-substrates ezisezingeni eliphezulu ze-MOD MICRO-NANO, ezosebenzisa izinzuzo zayo kubuchwepheshe be-micro-nano optical kanye nokucubungula i-AR waveguide ukuze ithuthukise ukusebenza kwe-diffraction waveguide. Lokhu kubambisana kulindeleke ukuthi kusheshise ukuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe ezingilazini ze-AR, kukhuthaze ukuqhubekela phambili kwemboni ekusebenzeni okuphezulu kanye nemiklamo elula.
Embukisweni we-SPIE AR|VR|MR ka-2025, i-MOD MICRO-NANO yethule amalensi ayo engilazi e-silicon carbide AR yesizukulwane sesibili, enesisindo esingamagremu angu-2.7 kuphela futhi enobukhulu obungamamilimitha angu-0.55 kuphela, elula kunezibuko zelanga ezivamile, inikeza abasebenzisi ulwazi lokugqoka olungabonakali, olufinyelela umklamo "olula" ngempela.
Amacala Okusetshenziswa kwe-Silicon Carbide Ezingilazini ze-AR
Enqubweni yokukhiqiza ama-waveguides e-silicon carbide, ithimba likaMeta lanqoba izinselele zobuchwepheshe bokugoba okugobile. Umphathi wocwaningo uNihar Mohanty uchaze ukuthi ukugoba okugobile kuwubuchwepheshe obungebona obendabuko bokugoba obugoba imigqa nge-engeli ethambekele ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuhlanganiswa kokukhanya kanye nokusebenza kahle kokuhlukanisa. Lokhu kuphumelela kwabeka isisekelo sokwamukelwa okukhulu kwe-silicon carbide ezingilazini ze-AR.
Izibuko ze-Meta ze-Orion AR ziyisicelo esimele ubuchwepheshe be-silicon carbide ku-AR. Ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-silicon carbide waveguide, i-Orion ifinyelela insimu yokubuka engama-degree angu-70 futhi ibhekana ngempumelelo nezinkinga ezifana ne-ghosting kanye nomphumela we-rainbow.
UGiuseppe Carafiore, umholi wezobuchwepheshe be-AR waveguide kaMeta, waphawula ukuthi inkomba ephezulu yokukhanya kwe-silicon carbide kanye nokushisa kwayo kwenza kube yinto efanelekile yezibuko ze-AR. Ngemva kokukhetha into, inselele elandelayo kwakuwukuthuthukisa i-waveguide, ikakhulukazi inqubo yokugoba ethambekile ye-grating. UCarafiore wachaza ukuthi i-grating, ebangela ukuhlanganisa ukukhanya ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwelensi, kumele isebenzise ukugoba okuthambekile. Imigqa ethambekile ayihlelwanga ngokuqondile kodwa isatshalaliswa nge-engeli ethambekile. UNihar Mohanty wanezela ukuthi babeyiqembu lokuqala emhlabeni wonke ukufeza ukugoba okuthambekile ngqo kumadivayisi. Ngo-2019, uNihar Mohanty nethimba lakhe bakhe umugqa wokukhiqiza ozinikele. Ngaphambi kwalokho, akukho mishini eyayitholakala yokugoba ama-waveguide e-silicon carbide, futhi ubuchwepheshe babungenzeki ngaphandle kwelebhu.
Izinselele kanye namathemba esikhathi esizayo e-Silicon Carbide
Nakuba i-silicon carbide ibonisa amandla amakhulu ezingilazini ze-AR, ukusetshenziswa kwayo kusabhekene nezinselele eziningana. Njengamanje, izinto ze-silicon carbide ziyabiza ngenxa yesilinganiso sayo sokukhula esihamba kancane kanye nokucubungula okunzima. Isibonelo, ilensi eyodwa ye-silicon carbide yezingilazi ze-Meta's Orion AR ibiza cishe u-$1,000, okwenza kube nzima ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zemakethe yabathengi. Kodwa-ke, ngentuthuko esheshayo yemboni yezimoto zikagesi, izindleko ze-silicon carbide ziyehla kancane kancane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuthuthukiswa kwezingxenye ezinkulu (njengezi-wafer ezingamasentimitha angu-12) kuzoqhubeka nokunciphisa izindleko kanye nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle.
Ukuqina okuphezulu kwe-silicon carbide nakho kwenza kube nzima ukuyicubungula, ikakhulukazi ekwakhiweni kwesakhiwo se-micro-nano, okuholela emazingeni aphansi okukhiqiza. Esikhathini esizayo, ngokubambisana okujulile phakathi kwabahlinzeki be-silicon carbide substrate kanye nabakhiqizi be-micro-nano optical, le nkinga kulindeleke ukuthi ixazululwe. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-silicon carbide ezingilazini ze-AR kusesezigabeni zokuqala, kudinga izinkampani eziningi ukuthi zitshale imali ocwaningweni lwe-silicon carbide ye-optical-grade kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwemishini. Ithimba le-Meta lilindele ukuthi abanye abakhiqizi baqale ukuthuthukisa imishini yabo, njengoba izinkampani eziningi zitshala imali ocwaningweni nasemishinini ye-silicon carbide ye-optical-grade, kulapho uhlelo lwemboni yezingilazi ze-AR zezinga labathengi luzoba namandla khona.
Isiphetho
I-silicon carbide, enenkomba yayo ephezulu yokukhanya, ukushabalalisa ukushisa okuhle kakhulu, kanye nobunzima obukhulu, iba yinto ebalulekile emkhakheni wezibuko ze-AR. Kusukela ekubambisaneni phakathi kwe-XINKEHUI ne-MOD MICRO-NANO kuya ekusetshenzisweni ngempumelelo kwe-silicon carbide ezingilazini ze-Orion AR ze-Meta, amandla e-silicon carbide ezingilazini ezihlakaniphile abonakaliswe ngokugcwele. Naphezu kwezinselele ezifana nezindleko kanye nezithiyo zobuchwepheshe, njengoba uchungechunge lwemboni lukhula futhi ubuchwepheshe buqhubeka nokuthuthuka, i-silicon carbide kulindeleke ukuthi ikhanye emkhakheni wezibuko ze-AR, iqhube izibuko ezihlakaniphile ziye ekusebenzeni okuphezulu, isisindo esilula, kanye nokwamukelwa kabanzi. Esikhathini esizayo, i-silicon carbide ingaba yinto eyinhloko embonini ye-AR, ilethe inkathi entsha yezibuko ezihlakaniphile.
Amandla e-silicon carbide awagcini nje ezingilazini ze-AR; ukusetshenziswa kwayo kwezimboni ezahlukene kuma-elekthronikhi kanye nama-photonics nakho kukhombisa amathuba amakhulu. Isibonelo, ukusetshenziswa kwe-silicon carbide kuma-quantum computing kanye namadivayisi kagesi anamandla aphezulu kuyahlolwa ngenkuthalo. Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buqhubeka futhi izindleko zincipha, i-silicon carbide kulindeleke ukuthi idlale indima ebalulekile emikhakheni eminingi, isheshise intuthuko yezimboni ezihlobene. Singahlinzeka nge-SiC wafer yezinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukahlukene, sisekele intuthuko kokubili kubuchwepheshe be-AR nangale kwalokho.
Umkhiqizo ohlobene
Ibanga locwaningo lwe-dummy oluyi-8Inch 200mm 4H-N SiC Wafer
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Ephreli-01-2025