Izinto ze-thin-film lithium tantalate (LTOI) ziyavela njengamandla amasha abalulekile emkhakheni we-optics ohlanganisiwe. Kulo nyaka, imisebenzi eminingana ephezulu kuma-modulators e-LTOI ishicilelwe, kanye nama-wafers e-LTOI asezingeni eliphezulu anikezwe nguSolwazi Xin Ou waseShanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, kanye nezinqubo zokuqopha amagagasi ezisezingeni eliphezulu ezakhiwe yiqembu likaSolwazi Kippenberg e-EPFL, eSwitzerland. Imizamo yabo yokubambisana ibonise imiphumela emangalisayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amaqembu ocwaningo avela eZhejiang University aholwa nguSolwazi Liu Liu kanye neHarvard University aholwa nguSolwazi Loncar nawo abike ngama-modulators e-LTOI ashesha kakhulu futhi azinze.
Njengesihlobo esiseduze se-thin-film lithium niobate (LNOI), i-LTOI igcina ukuguquguquka kwesivinini esikhulu kanye nezici zokulahlekelwa okuphansi kwe-lithium niobate ngenkathi inikeza nezinzuzo ezifana nezindleko eziphansi, i-birefringence ephansi, kanye nemiphumela encishisiwe ye-photorefractive. Ukuqhathaniswa kwezici eziyinhloko zezinto ezimbili kuvezwe ngezansi.
◆ Ukufana phakathi kwe-Lithium Tantalate (LTOI) ne-Lithium Niobate (LNOI)
①Inkomba Yokubukeza:2.12 vs 2.21
Lokhu kusho ukuthi ubukhulu be-waveguide yemodi eyodwa, i-radius egobayo, kanye nosayizi wedivayisi ovamile ongasebenzi ngokusekelwe kuzo zombili izinto kufana kakhulu, futhi ukusebenza kwazo kokuxhumanisa ifayibha nakho kuyafana. Ngokuchoboza okuhle kwe-waveguide, zombili izinto zingafeza ukulahlekelwa kokufakwa<0.1 dB/cm. I-EPFL ibika ukulahlekelwa yi-waveguide engu-5.6 dB/m.
②I-Electro-optic Coefficient:30.5 ntambama/V uma kuqhathaniswa no-30.9 ntambama/V
Ukusebenza kahle kokuguquguquka kuyafana kuzo zombili izinto, ngokuguquguquka okusekelwe kumphumela we-Pockels, okuvumela i-bandwidth ephezulu. Njengamanje, ama-modulators e-LTOI ayakwazi ukufeza ukusebenza kwe-400G ngomzila ngamunye, nge-bandwidth engaphezu kwe-110 GHz.
③Igebe:I-3.93 eV uma iqhathaniswa ne-3.78 eV
Zombili izinto zinefasitela elibanzi elibonakalayo, elisekela izinhlelo zokusebenza kusukela kumaza okukhanya abonakalayo kuya kuma-infrared, ngaphandle kokumuncwa emabhandeni okuxhumana.
④I-Coefficient Engeyona Eqondile Ye-Second-Oda (d33):21 ntambama/V vs 27 ntambama/V
Uma isetshenziselwa izinhlelo zokusebenza ezingezona eziqondile njengesizukulwane sesibili se-harmonic (SHG), isizukulwane se-difference-frequency (DFG), noma isizukulwane se-sum-frequency (SFG), ukusebenza kahle kokuguqulwa kwezinto ezimbili kufanele kufane kakhulu.
◆ Inzuzo Yezindleko ze-LTOI vs LNOI
①Izindleko Zokulungiselela I-Wafer Ephansi
I-LNOI idinga ukufakwa kwe-ion ye-He ukuze kuhlukaniswe ungqimba, okunokusebenza okuphansi kwe-ionization. Ngokuphambene nalokho, i-LTOI isebenzisa ukufakwa kwe-ion ye-H ukuze kuhlukaniswe, okufana ne-SOI, ngokusebenza kahle kwe-delamination okungaphezu kokuphindwe kayishumi kune-LNOI. Lokhu kuphumela emehluko omkhulu wentengo yama-wafer angu-6-intshi: $300 vs. $2000, ukwehliswa kwezindleko okungu-85%.
②Isivele isetshenziswa kabanzi emakethe yabathengi be-elekthronikhi yezihlungi ze-acoustic(Amayunithi angu-750,000 ngonyaka, asetshenziswa yi-Samsung, i-Apple, i-Sony, njll.).
◆ Izinzuzo Zokusebenza ze-LTOI vs LNOI
①Amaphutha Ambalwa Ezinto Ezibonakalayo, Umphumela Obuthakathaka We-Photorefractive, Ukuqina Okukhulu
Ekuqaleni, ama-modulators e-LNOI ayevame ukubonisa ukukhukhuleka kwamaphuzu e-bias, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokuqongelela kweshaja okubangelwa amaphutha ku-interface ye-waveguide. Uma engalashwa, la madivayisi angathatha usuku lonke ukuzinza. Kodwa-ke, kwasungulwa izindlela ezahlukene zokubhekana nale nkinga, njengokusebenzisa i-metal oxide cladding, i-substrate polarization, kanye ne-annealing, okwenza le nkinga ikwazi ukulawuleka kakhulu manje.
Ngokuphambene nalokho, i-LTOI inamaphutha ambalwa ezinto ezibonakalayo, okuholela ekuncipheni okukhulu kwezimo zokukhukhuleka. Ngisho nangaphandle kokucutshungulwa okwengeziwe, indawo yayo yokusebenza ihlala izinzile. Imiphumela efanayo ibikwe yi-EPFL, iHarvard, kanye neYunivesithi yaseZhejiang. Kodwa-ke, ukuqhathanisa kuvame ukusebenzisa ama-modulators e-LNOI angaphathwanga, okungase kungabi kuhle ngokuphelele; ngokucubungula, ukusebenza kwazo zombili izinto cishe kuyafana. Umehluko omkhulu useku-LTOI edinga izinyathelo ezimbalwa zokucubungula ezengeziwe.
②I-Birefringence Ephansi: 0.004 vs 0.07
Ukuqina okuphezulu kwe-lithium niobate (LNOI) kungaba yinselele ngezinye izikhathi, ikakhulukazi njengoba ukugoba kwe-waveguide kungabangela ukuhlanganiswa kwemodi kanye ne-mode hybridization. Ku-LNOI encane, ukugoba ku-waveguide kungaguqula kancane ukukhanya kwe-TE kube ukukhanya kwe-TM, okwenza kube nzima ukwenziwa kwamadivayisi athile angasebenzi, njengezihlungi.
Nge-LTOI, i-birefringence ephansi iqeda le nkinga, okungenzeka kwenze kube lula ukuthuthukisa amadivayisi asebenza kahle kakhulu. I-EPFL iphinde yabika imiphumela ephawulekayo, isebenzisa i-birefringence ephansi ye-LTOI kanye nokungabikho kwe-mode-crossing ukuze kufezwe ukukhiqizwa kwe-electro-optic frequency comb e-ultra-wide-spectrum ngokulawula ukusabalala okuyisicaba kulo lonke ububanzi be-spectral. Lokhu kwaholela ku-bandwidth ye-comb engu-450 nm ehlaba umxhwele enemigqa ye-comb engaphezu kuka-2000, enkulu kaningana kunalokho okungafezwa nge-lithium niobate. Uma kuqhathaniswa nama-comb e-frequency e-Kerr optical, ama-comb e-electro-optic anikeza inzuzo yokuba ngaphandle komkhawulo futhi azinzile, yize edinga ukufakwa kwe-microwave enamandla aphezulu.
③Umkhawulo Womonakalo Ophezulu Wokubona
Umkhawulo womonakalo we-optical we-LTOI uphindwe kabili kunowe-LNOI, ohlinzeka ngenzuzo ezinhlelweni zokusebenza ezingezona eziqondile (kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-Coherent Perfect Absorption (CPO) ezingase zibe khona esikhathini esizayo). Amazinga wamandla we-optical module yamanje cishe awawonakalisi i-lithium niobate.
④Umphumela we-Raman ophansi
Lokhu kuhlobene nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezingezona eziqondile. I-Lithium niobate inomphumela oqinile we-Raman, okuthi kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ze-Kerr optical frequency comb kungaholela ekukhiqizweni kokukhanya kwe-Raman okungafuneki futhi kuthole ukuncintisana, kuvimbele ama-x-cut lithium niobate optical frequency combs ukuthi angafinyeleli esimweni se-soliton. Nge-LTOI, umphumela we-Raman ungacindezelwa ngokuklama kwe-crystal orientation, okuvumela i-x-cut LTOI ukuthi ifinyelele ekukhiqizweni kwe-soliton optical frequency comb. Lokhu kwenza ukuhlanganiswa kwe-monolithic kwama-soliton optical frequency combs nama-modulators anesivinini esikhulu, into engenakwenzeka nge-LNOI.
◆ Kungani i-Thin-Film Lithium Tantalate (LTOI) ingakhulunywanga ngayo ngaphambilini?
I-Lithium tantalate inezinga lokushisa eliphansi le-Curie kune-lithium niobate (610°C vs. 1157°C). Ngaphambi kokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe be-heterointegration (XOI), ama-modulators e-lithium niobate akhiqizwa kusetshenziswa ukusakazwa kwe-titanium, okudinga ukuncishiswa ngaphezu kuka-1000°C, okwenza i-LTOI ingafaneleki. Kodwa-ke, ngokushintshela kwanamuhla ekusebenziseni ama-substrate e-insulator kanye ne-waveguide etching ukuze kwakhiwe ama-modulator, izinga lokushisa le-Curie elingu-610°C lanele.
◆ Ingabe i-Thin-Film Lithium Tantalate (LTOI) izothatha indawo ye-Thin-Film Lithium Niobate (TFLN)?
Ngokusekelwe ocwaningweni lwamanje, i-LTOI inikeza izinzuzo ekusebenzeni okungenamsebenzi, ukuzinza, kanye nezindleko zokukhiqiza ezinkulu, ngaphandle kwezingqinamba ezisobala. Kodwa-ke, i-LTOI ayidluli i-lithium niobate ekusebenzeni kokuguquguquka, futhi izinkinga zokuzinza nge-LNOI zinezixazululo ezaziwayo. Kumamojula we-DR wokuxhumana, kunesidingo esincane sezingxenye ezingasebenzi (futhi i-silicon nitride ingasetshenziswa uma kudingeka). Ngaphezu kwalokho, kudingeka ukutshalwa kwezimali okusha ukuze kusungulwe kabusha izinqubo zokuchoma ezingeni le-wafer, amasu e-heterointegration, kanye nokuhlolwa kokuthembeka (ubunzima ngokuchoma kwe-lithium niobate kwakungeyona i-waveguide kodwa kwakuwukufeza ukuchoma kwezinga le-wafer elinesivuno esiphezulu). Ngakho-ke, ukuze kuncintisane nesimo esimisiwe se-lithium niobate, i-LTOI ingadinga ukuthola izinzuzo ezengeziwe. Nokho, ngokwezemfundo, i-LTOI inikeza amandla okucwaninga abalulekile ezinhlelweni ezihlanganisiwe ze-on-chip, njenge-octave-spanning electro-optic combs, i-PPLT, amadivayisi okuhlukanisa ubude be-soliton kanye ne-AWG, kanye nama-array modulators.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Novemba-08-2024