USapphire, “inkanyezi ephezulu” yomndeni wakwaCorundum, ufana nensizwa ecwengekile egqoke “isudi eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka”. Kodwa ngemva kokuhlangana naye izikhathi eziningi, uzothola ukuthi ikhabethe lakhe alilona nje “eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka”, noma “eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka”. Kusukela “kuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka lwe-cornflower” kuya “kuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka lwasebukhosini”, uhlobo ngalunye oluluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka luyakhazimula. Uma ucabanga ukuthi okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kuyisicefe kancane, Kuzokukhombisa okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, okumpunga, okuphuzi, okuwolintshi, okunsomi, okupinki kanye nsundu futhi.
I-Sapphire yemibala ehlukene
I-Sapphire
Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali: Al₂O₃ \ nUmbala: Ukushintsha kombala we-sapphire kuwumphumela wokufakwa kwezinto ezahlukene ngaphakathi kwe-lattice yayo. Kufaka phakathi yonke imibala yomndeni we-corundum ngaphandle kwe-ruby. Ukuqina: Ukuqina kwe-Mohs kungu-9, kwesibili kuphela ngemuva kwedayimane. Ubuningi: 3.95-4.1 amagremu ngesentimitha le-cubic \ nInkomba ye-Birefractive: 0.008-0.010 \ nUkukhanya: Okubonakalayo kuya kokungacacile, ukukhanya kwe-vitreous kuya kokukhanyayo kwe-sub-diamond. Umphumela okhethekile wokukhanya: Amanye ama-sapphire anomphumela wokukhanya kwenkanyezi. Okusho ukuthi, ngemva kokusika nokugaya okufana ne-arc, ukufakwa okuncane ngaphakathi (njenge-rutile) kubonakalisa ukukhanya, okwenza ingxenye ephezulu yetshe ibonise imisebe eyisithupha yokukhanya kwezinkanyezi.
I-Starlight Sapphire enezithoni eziyisithupha
Izindawo eziyinhloko zokukhiqiza
Izindawo zokukhiqiza ezidumile zifaka phakathi iMadagascar, iSri Lanka, iMyanmar, i-Australia, i-India kanye nezingxenye ezithile ze-Afrika.
Ama-sapphire avela emvelaphi ehlukene anezici ezihlukile. Isibonelo, ama-sapphire akhiqizwa eMyanmar, eKashmir nakwezinye izifunda anombala we-titanium, aveza umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okhanyayo, kanti lawo avela e-Australia, eThailand naseShayina anombala wensimbi, okuholela kumbala omnyama.
Ukuqala kwediphozithi
Ukwakheka kwe-sapphire kuyinqubo eyinkimbinkimbi, ngokuvamile ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile ze-geological.
Imbangela ye-metamorphic: Lapho amatshe acebile nge-magnesium (njengemabula) ehlangana noketshezi olucebile nge-titanium/iron, i-corundum izalwa ngaphansi kwengcindezi engu-6-12kbar ku-700-900℃. Ukufakwa "kwe-velvet effect" kwe-Kashmir sapphire kungokuqondile "okuyisiginesha" sale ndawo enomfutho ophezulu.
Ukwakheka kwe-Magmatic: I-Basaltic magma ephethe amakristalu e-corundum iqhuma phezulu, yakhe ama-deposit afana ne-Mogu eMyanmar. Ama-sapphire lapha avame ukuqukatha i-rutiite inclusions, ahlelwe ngendlela "yokukhanya kwezinkanyezi".
Ukufakwa kwe-rutile okufana nomcibisholo okuphawulekayo kuma-sapphire aseMogok avela eMyanmar
Uhlobo lwe-Pegmatite: Ama-sapphire e-placer aseSri Lanka “ayifa” lokuguguleka kwe-granitic pegmatite.
Itshe elirhabaxa lesafire laseSri Lanka
Inani Nokusetshenziswa
Ukusetshenziswa kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-sapphire kusakazeke emikhakheni efana nobucwebe, isayensi, imfundo kanye nokuvezwa kobuciko.
Inani lamatshe ayigugu: I-Sapphire idunyiswa kakhulu ngombala wayo omuhle, ubulukhuni bayo kanye nokuqina kwayo, futhi ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukwenza ubucwebe obusezingeni eliphezulu njengendandatho, imigexo, amacici kanye namasongo.
Ama-sapphire anemibala ehlukene nama-ion e-chromic
Incazelo engokomfanekiso: I-Safira ifanekisela ukwethembeka, ukuhlala njalo, umusa nokwethembeka, futhi iyitshe lokuzalwa likaSepthemba nekwindla.
Ukusetshenziswa kwezimboni: Ngaphandle kokusetshenziswa njengetshe eliyigugu, i-sapphire isetshenziswa nasekukhiqizweni kwengilazi yekristalu yamawashi kanye nezinto zefasitela zezinsimbi zokukhanya ngenxa yokuqina kwayo okuphezulu kanye nokucaca kwayo.
I-sapphire yokwenziwa
I-sapphire yokwenziwa ikhiqizwa elabhorethri, kodwa izakhiwo zayo zamakhemikhali, ezibonakalayo nezomzimba zifana kakhulu nezamaminerali emvelo.
Umlando wokwenza/ukucubungula i-sapphire
Ngo-1045, amatshe ayigugu e-corundum aphathwa ekushiseni okungu-1100°C ukuze kususwe umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka wama-rubi.
Ngo-1902, i-corundum yokuqala eyenziwe ngokwenziwa yakhiqizwa yisazi samakhemikhali saseFrance u-Auguste Verneuil (1856-1913) esebenzisa indlela yokuncibilikisa ilangabi ngo-1902.
Ngo-1975, i-geuda sapphire yaseSri Lanka yashiswa ekushiseni okuphezulu (1500°C+) ukuze iphenduke ibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Ehlobo lika-2003, i-GIA yashicilela ucwaningo olusha olubalulekile mayelana nokusabalala kwe-beryllium kuma-rubi nama-saphir.
Ingabe uMqhele uthanda ngokukhethekile ama-saphir?
Umqhele wase-Austria
Uhlaka lwamathambo lwenziwe ngegolide futhi luhlotshiswe ngamaparele, amadayimane namarubi. Phakathi nendawo phezulu komqhele kukhona isafire ekhazimulayo kakhulu.
Indlovukazi uVictoria Sapphire kanye nomqhele wedayimane
Umqhele wonke wenziwe ngegolide nesiliva, ububanzi bawo bungamasentimitha angu-11.5. Uhlotshiswe ngama-sapphire angu-11 aqoshiwe anjenge-cushion futhi ahlotshiswe ngamadayimane amadala acwebezelayo aqoshiwe njenge-mine. Lesi kwakuyisipho uNkosana u-Albert asinike iNdlovukazi ngosuku olwandulela umshado wakhe ngo-1840.
Umqhele woMbuso WaseBrithani
Lo mqhele unamarubi ayi-5, amasafire ayi-17, ama-emerald ayi-11, amaparele angu-269 kanye namadayimane angu-2,868 anobukhulu obuhlukahlukene.
I-sapphire yeNdlovukazi uMaria we-Tsarist Russia
Umdwebi waseRussia uKonstantin Makovsky wake wadweba isithombe sikaMaria. Kulo mdwebo, uMaria ugqoke izingubo ezinhle kakhulu futhi ugqoke isethi ephelele yamasudi e-safire asezingeni eliphezulu. Phakathi kwawo, umgexo ophambi kwentamo yakhe ukhanga kakhulu, une-safire ende enesisindo esingama-carat angu-139.
I-Sapphire iyinhle kakhulu ngempela. Akunakwenzeka ukuba nayo. Phela, intengo ingahluka kakhulu kuye ngombala, ukucaca, indlela yokusika, isisindo, imvelaphi nokuthi ngabe yenziwe kahle noma cha. Sicela uqaphele lapho uthenga. Phela, iwuphawu "lokwethembeka nokuhlakanipha". Ungaphazanyiswe yilokho "kukhanya kwenkanyezi".
XKH'Izinto zokwenziwa zesafire ezirhabaxa:
Isikhwama sewashi le-XKH Sapphire:
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Meyi-12-2025