Ama-LED akhanyisa umhlaba wethu, futhi enhliziyweni yawo wonke ama-LED asebenza kahle kukhonaisicwecwana se-epitaxial-ingxenye ebalulekile echaza ukukhanya, umbala, nokusebenza kahle kwayo. Ngokufunda kahle isayensi yokukhula kwe-epitaxial, abakhiqizi bavula amathuba amasha okonga amandla kanye nezixazululo zokukhanyisa ezingabizi kakhulu.
1. Amasu Okukhula Ngobuchule Okusebenza Kakhulu Kakhulu
Inqubo yanamuhla yokukhula enezinyathelo ezimbili ezijwayelekile, nakuba isebenza kahle, ikhawulela ukukaleka. Iningi lama-reactors okuhweba likhula ama-wafers ayisithupha kuphela iqoqo ngalinye. Imboni ishintshela ku:
- Ama-reactors anamandla amakhulueziphatha ama-wafers amaningi, ukunciphisa izindleko kanye nokuthuthukisa ukuphuma.
- Imishini ye-single-wafer ezenzakalelayo kakhuluukuze uthole ukungaguquguquki okuphezulu nokuphindaphinda.
2. I-HVPE: Umzila osheshayo oya kuma-Substrates Asezingeni eliphezulu
IHydride Vapor Phase Epitaxy (HVPE) ikhiqiza ngokushesha izendlalelo eziwugqinsi ze-GaN ezinokukhubazeka okumbalwa, ezilungele njengama-substrates ezinye izindlela zokukhula. Lawa mafilimu e-GaN azimele angaqhudelana nenqwaba yama-chips e-GaN. Ukubanjwa? Ukuqina kunzima ukulawula, futhi amakhemikhali angehlisa isisetshenziswa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
3. Ukukhula Kwangasemuva: Amakristalu Abushelelezi, Ukukhanya Okungcono
Ngokwenza iphethini ngokucophelela isinkwa esilucwecwana ngamamaski namafasitela, abakhiqizi baqondisa i-GaN ukuthi ingakhuli nje iye phezulu, kodwa futhi emaceleni. Le "lateral epitaxy" igcwalisa izikhala ngamaphutha ambalwa, idale isakhiwo sekristalu esingenasici sama-LED asebenza kahle kakhulu.
4. I-Pendeo-Epitaxy: Ivumela Amakristalu Antante
Nakhu okuthakazelisayo: onjiniyela bakhulisa i-GaN kumakholomu amade bese beyiyeka “ibhuloho” endaweni engenalutho. Lokhu kukhula okuntantayo kuqeda ubunzima obuningi obubangelwa izinto ezingafani, okwenza kube nezingqimba zekristalu ezinamandla nezimsulwa.
5. Ukukhanyisa i-UV Spectrum
Izinto ezintsha ziphusha ukukhanya kwe-LED kujule ebangeni le-UV. Kungani lokhu kubalulekile? Ukukhanya kwe-UV kungenza kusebenze ama-phosphor athuthukile ngokusebenza kahle okuphezulu kakhulu kunezinketho ezivamile, okuvula umnyango wama-LED amhlophe esizukulwane esilandelayo kokubili akhanya kakhulu futhi awonga amandla kakhudlwana.
6. Multi-Quantum Well Chips: Faka umbala kusuka Ngaphakathi
Esikhundleni sokuhlanganisa ama-LED ahlukene ukwenza ukukhanya okumhlophe, kungani ungakukhulisi konke endaweni eyodwa? Ama-chips e-Multi-quantum well (MQW) enza lokho kanye ngokushumeka izendlalelo ezikhipha amaza amaza ahlukene, axube ukukhanya ngaphakathi kwe-chip. Isebenza kahle, ihlangene, futhi inhle—nakuba iyinkimbinkimbi ukuyikhiqiza.
7. Ukukhanyisa Kabusha Ngezithombe
I-Sumitomo ne-Boston University zibonise ukuthi izinto zokupakisha ezifana ne-ZnSe ne-AlInGaP kuma-LED aluhlaza "zingakwazi ukuvuselela" amafotoni abe yi-spectrum emhlophe egcwele. Le ndlela yokwendlalela ehlakaniphile ibonisa ukuhlangana okujabulisayo kwesayensi yezinto zokwakha kanye nezithombe ezisebenza edizayini yesimanje ye-LED.
Indlela Ama-wafers we-LED Epitaxial Enziwa Ngayo
Ukusuka ku-substrate kuya ku-chip, nali uhambo olwenziwe lula:
- Isigaba Sokukhula:I-Substrate → Idizayini → Isilondolozi → N-GaN → MQW → P-GaN → I-Anneal → Ukuhlola
- Isigaba Sokwenziwa:Ukuvala ubuso → I-Lithography → I-Etching → I-N/P Electrodes → Ukudayela → Ukuhlunga
Le nqubo yokucophelela iqinisekisa ukuthi i-chip ngayinye ye-LED iletha ukusebenza ongathembela kukho—noma ngabe ukhanyisa isikrini sakho noma idolobha lakho.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-08-2025