Ama-LED akhanyisa umhlaba wethu, futhi enhliziyweni yawo wonke ama-LED asebenza kahle kukhonaisicwecwana se-epitaxial-ingxenye ebalulekile echaza ukukhanya, umbala, nokusebenza kahle kwayo. Ngokufunda kahle isayensi yokukhula kwe-epitaxial, abakhiqizi bavula amathuba amasha ezixazululo zokukhanyisa ezonga amandla nezingabizi kakhulu.
1. Amasu Okukhula Ngobuchule Okusebenza Kakhulu Kakhulu
Inqubo yanamuhla yokukhula enezinyathelo ezimbili ezijwayelekile, nakuba isebenza kahle, ikhawulela ukukaleka. Iningi lama-reactors okuhweba likhula ama-wafers ayisithupha kuphela iqoqo ngalinye. Imboni ishintshela ku:
- Ama-reactors anamandla amakhulueziphatha ama-wafers amaningi, ukunciphisa izindleko kanye nokuthuthukisa ukuphuma.
- Imishini ye-single-wafer ezenzakalelayo kakhuluukuze uthole ukungaguquguquki okuphezulu nokuphindaphinda.
2. I-HVPE: Umzila osheshayo oya kuma-Substrates Asezingeni eliphezulu
IHydride Vapor Phase Epitaxy (HVPE) ikhiqiza ngokushesha izendlalelo eziwugqinsi ze-GaN ezinokukhubazeka okumbalwa, ezilungele njengama-substrates ezinye izindlela zokukhula. Lawa mafilimu e-GaN azimele angaqhudelana nenqwaba yama-chips e-GaN. Ukubanjwa? Ukuqina kunzima ukulawula, futhi amakhemikhali angehlisa isisetshenziswa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
3. Ukukhula Kwangasemuva: Amakristalu Abushelelezi, Ukukhanya Okungcono
Ngokwenza iphethini ngokucophelela isinkwa esilucwecwana ngamamaski namafasitela, abakhiqizi baqondisa i-GaN ukuthi ingakhuli nje iye phezulu, kodwa futhi emaceleni. Le "lateral epitaxy" igcwalisa izikhala ngamaphutha ambalwa, idale isakhiwo sekristalu esingenasici sama-LED asebenza kahle kakhulu.
4. I-Pendeo-Epitaxy: Ivumela Amakristalu Antante
Nakhu okuthakazelisayo: onjiniyela bakhulisa i-GaN kumakholomu amade bese beyiyeka “ibhuloho” endaweni engenalutho. Lokhu kukhula okuntantayo kuqeda ubunzima obuningi obubangelwa izinto ezingafani, okwenza kube nezingqimba zekristalu ezinamandla nezimsulwa.
5. Ukukhanyisa i-UV Spectrum
Izinto ezintsha ziphusha ukukhanya kwe-LED kujule ebangeni le-UV. Kungani lokhu kubalulekile? Ukukhanya kwe-UV kungenza kusebenze ama-phosphor athuthukisiwe ngokusebenza kahle okuphezulu kakhulu kunezinketho ezivamile, okuvula umnyango wama-LED amhlophe esizukulwane esilandelayo kokubili akhanya kakhulu futhi awonga amandla kakhudlwana.
6. Multi-Quantum Well Chips: Faka umbala kusuka Ngaphakathi
Esikhundleni sokuhlanganisa ama-LED ahlukene ukwenza ukukhanya okumhlophe, kungani ungakukhulisi konke endaweni eyodwa? Ama-chips e-Multi-quantum well (MQW) enza lokho kanye ngokushumeka izendlalelo ezikhipha amaza amaza ahlukene, axube ukukhanya ngaphakathi kwe-chip. Isebenza kahle, ihlangene, futhi inhle—nakuba iyinkimbinkimbi ukuyikhiqiza.
7. Ukukhanyisa Kabusha Ngezithombe
I-Sumitomo ne-Boston University zibonise ukuthi izinto zokupakisha ezifana ne-ZnSe ne-AlInGaP kuma-LED aluhlaza "zingakwazi ukuvuselela" amafotoni abe yi-spectrum emhlophe egcwele. Le ndlela yokwendlalela ehlakaniphile ibonisa ukuhlangana okujabulisayo kwesayensi yezinto zokwakha kanye nezithombe ezisebenza edizayini yesimanje ye-LED.
Indlela Ama-wafers we-LED Epitaxial Enziwa Ngayo
Ukusuka ku-substrate kuya ku-chip, nali uhambo olwenziwe lula:
- Isigaba Sokukhula:I-Substrate → Idizayini → Isilondolozi → N-GaN → MQW → P-GaN → I-Anneal → Ukuhlola
- Isigaba Sokwenziwa:Ukuvala ubuso → I-Lithography → I-Etching → I-N/P Electrodes → Ukudayela → Ukuhlunga
Le nqubo yokucophelela iqinisekisa ukuthi i-chip ngayinye ye-LED iletha ukusebenza ongathembela kukho—noma ngabe ukhanyisa isikrini sakho noma idolobha lakho.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-08-2025